Surah Luqman

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Luqman (Arabic: لقمان) is the 31st chapter (surah) of the Quran. It consists of 4 Rukus, 34 verses, 550 words, and 2171 letters. The surah derives its title, Luqman, from a verse (verse 12), which refers to Luqman, a man bestowed with wisdom by Allah because of his devoutness. Surah Luqman is a Makki surah, and it opens with Muqatta’at letters الم. The meaning of surah luqman is Luqman the Wise or Luqman al-Hakim. The Surah Luqman, titled after the wise figure it mentions, presents counsel and direction from Luqman to his son, highlighting the significance of wisdom, devotion, and appreciation towards Allah. The surah underscores the importance of parents in shaping a child’s life and encourages individuals to treat their parents with kindness and respect.

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Surah Luqman summary

1. The Quran is a wise Book that brings blessings to good people.
2. Surah Luqman ayat 6, warns against those who engage in frivolous talk and mockery, diverting others from the path of Allah without understanding. It mentions that for such people, there will be a humiliating punishment.
3. Surat Luqman ayat 12 emphasizes the importance of gratitude and the consequences of ingratitude. It highlights that when we are grateful, it is for our own benefit, and when we deny or show ingratitude towards Allah’s favors, Allah is independent of our gratitude and still deserving of praise.
4. Luqman’s advise to his son against committing Shirk, which means not to worship anyone other than Allah.
5. Surat Luqman ayat 14 tells us about the responsibilities towards one’s mother and parents.
6. Do not obey your parents if they instruct you to commit Shirk.
7. Ethical conduct and social behavior in Islam.
8. The primary cause of misguidance is blindly following the traditions of one’s ancestors.
9. Even if all trees were pens and all oceans were ink, the words of Allah could not be fully inscribed.
10. Only Allah is the ultimate truth; all other entities that people invoke besides Him are untrue.
11. People, beware of the Day when neither a father will be able to help his son nor a son his father. Do not let Satan deceive you about this reality.

Benefits of Surah Luqman

Following are the rewards and surah luqman benefits:

• The Prophet, peace be upon him, declared, “Whoever recites Surah e Luqman will be granted companionship and friendship with Luqman, and Allah will reward them tenfold for every act of enjoining good and forbidding evil.”
• According to Abu Ja’far Muhammad ibn Ali, reciting Luqman Surah every night will summon thirty angels to safeguard the reciter from the schemes of Satan and his followers. Similarly, reciting it in the morning will ensure protection until nightfall.
• The Prophet is reported to have said, “If Surat al Luqman is written, washed with water, and then given to a person suffering from an internal ailment, they will be healed.”
• It’s believed that if someone writes full Surah Luqman and places it in a tyrant’s house, that tyrant will lose power within a year.

Hazrat Luqman’s advice to his son

In Surat al Luqman ayat 13, Hazrat Luqman advises his son against associating partners with Allah, emphasizing the grave injustice of committing shirk (associating partners with Allah). Shirk is considered one of the gravest sins in Islam, as it contradicts the fundamental principle of Tawheed (the Oneness of Allah). Hazrat Luqman’s advice highlights the importance of maintaining the pure monotheistic belief and worshiping Allah alone without associating any partners with Him.

“And [mention, O Muhammad], when Luqman said to his son while he was instructing him, ‘O my son, do not associate [anything] with Allah. Indeed, association [with him] is great injustice.” (Quran 31:13)

Lessons from Surah Luqman

The Importance of Accountability:

The mention of even the smallest wrongdoing being brought forth by Allah underscores the principle of accountability. This aligns with the broader theme of accountability and judgment emphasized throughout Sura Luqman. Surah luqman ayat 16 describes that:

یٰبُنَیَّ اِنَّهَاۤ اِنْ تَكُ مِثْقَالَ حَبَّةٍ مِّنْ خَرْدَلٍ فَتَكُنْ فِیْ صَخْرَةٍ اَوْ فِی السَّمٰوٰتِ اَوْ فِی الْاَرْضِ یَاْتِ بِهَا اللّٰهُؕ-اِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَطِیْفٌ خَبِیْرٌ(16)

“O my son, even if a wrongdoing weighs as little as a mustard seed and is buried in a rock, the heavens, or the earth, Allah will bring it forth. Indeed, Allah is subtle and aware of all things.’’

Guidance on Conduct:

Hazrat Luqman advises his son to establish prayer, enjoin what is good, and forbid what is evil. This reflects the recurring theme of moral guidance and righteous conduct found in Surat Luqmaan. It emphasizes the importance of performing good deeds and avoiding wrongdoing. Surat Luqman ayat 17 mentions that:

یٰبُنَیَّ اَقِمِ الصَّلٰوةَ وَ اْمُرْ بِالْمَعْرُوْفِ وَ انْهَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَ اصْبِرْ عَلٰى مَاۤ اَصَابَكَؕ-اِنَّ ذٰلِكَ مِنْ عَزْمِ الْاُمُوْرِ(17)

”O my son, establish prayer, enjoin what is good, and forbid what is evil; and endure patiently whatever befalls you. Surely, these are among the most noble deeds.”

The Virtue of Patience:

Hazrat Luqman encourages his son to endure patiently whatever befalls him. This highlights the virtue of patience, which is repeatedly emphasized in Surah Lukman as a characteristic of the righteous.

Humility and Modesty:

Surat Luqman ayat 18 describbes the advice to not turn one’s cheek in contempt towards people and to avoid walking arrogantly on the earth reflects the importance of humility and modesty, values that are also emphasized in Surat Lukman.

وَ لَا تُصَعِّرْ خَدَّكَ لِلنَّاسِ وَ لَا تَمْشِ فِی الْاَرْضِ مَرَحًاؕ-اِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَا یُحِبُّ كُلَّ مُخْتَالٍ فَخُوْرٍ(18)

”And do not turn your cheek in contempt towards people, nor walk arrogantly on the earth. Indeed, Allah does not like arrogant boasting.”

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